а) \( 5^{x-7} = \frac{1}{125} \)
\( 5^{x-7} = 5^{-3} \)
\( x - 7 = -3 \)
\( x = 4 \)
б) \( \log_4(7-x) = -2 \)
\( 7-x = 4^{-2} \)
\( 7-x = \frac{1}{16} \)
\( x = 7 - \frac{1}{16} \)
\( x = \frac{112}{16} - \frac{1}{16} \)
\( x = \frac{111}{16} \)
Ответ: а) \( x = 4 \), б) \( x = \frac{111}{16} \)