Решение: a) $$cos^2(\pi + t) + cos^2(\pi - t) = (-cos(t))^2 + (-cos(t))^2 = cos^2(t) + cos^2(t) = 2 cos^2(t)$$
б) $$\frac{sin(\frac{\pi}{2} - t) \cdot tg(-t)}{cos(\frac{\pi}{2} + t)} = \frac{cos(t) \cdot (-tg(t))}{-sin(t)} = \frac{cos(t) \cdot \frac{-sin(t)}{cos(t)}}{-sin(t)} = \frac{-sin(t)}{-sin(t)} = 1$$
Ответ: a) $$2 cos^2(t)$$; б) 1