\( 2\frac{1}{3} = \frac{2 \times 3 + 1}{3} = \frac{7}{3} \)
\( 2\frac{3}{7} = \frac{2 \times 7 + 3}{7} = \frac{17}{7} \)
\( \frac{5}{8} - \frac{8}{3} = \frac{5 \times 3}{8 \times 3} - \frac{8 \times 8}{3 \times 8} = \frac{15}{24} - \frac{64}{24} = \frac{15 - 64}{24} = -\frac{49}{24} \)
\( \frac{7}{3} : \left(-\frac{49}{24}\right) = \frac{7}{3} \times \left(-\frac{24}{49}\right) = -\frac{7 \times 24}{3 \times 49} = -\frac{1 \times 8}{1 \times 7} = -\frac{8}{7} \)
\( -\frac{8}{7} + \frac{17}{7} = \frac{-8 + 17}{7} = \frac{9}{7} \)
\( \frac{9}{7} = 1\frac{2}{7} \)
Ответ: \( 1\frac{2}{7} \).