8. Рассмотрим треугольник ΔАВС, DE || АС.
BD = x, BE = y.
DA = 7,2, EC = 7,8, DE = 10, AC = 16.
ΔDBE ~ ΔABC, т.к. DE || АС.
$$\frac{BD}{BA} = \frac{BE}{BC} = \frac{DE}{AC}$$.
$$\frac{x}{x + 7,2} = \frac{y}{y + 7,8} = \frac{10}{16}$$.
$$\frac{x}{x + 7,2} = \frac{10}{16}$$.
$$16x = 10(x + 7,2)$$.
$$16x = 10x + 72$$.
$$6x = 72$$.
$$x = 12$$.
$$\frac{y}{y + 7,8} = \frac{10}{16}$$.
$$16y = 10(y + 7,8)$$.
$$16y = 10y + 78$$.
$$6y = 78$$.
$$y = 13$$.
Ответ: х = 12, у = 13.