a) $$p(b) = 2p_1(b) + p_2(b)$$ $$p_1(b) = 12b^4 - 10b^2 + 7$$ $$p_2(b) = 1.4b^3 - 5b^4 + b + 1.2$$
$$p(b) = 2(12b^4 - 10b^2 + 7) + (1.4b^3 - 5b^4 + b + 1.2)$$ $$= 24b^4 - 20b^2 + 14 + 1.4b^3 - 5b^4 + b + 1.2$$ $$= (24 - 5)b^4 + 1.4b^3 - 20b^2 + b + (14 + 1.2)$$ $$= 19b^4 + 1.4b^3 - 20b^2 + b + 15.2$$
Ответ: $$p(b) = 19b^4 + 1.4b^3 - 20b^2 + b + 15.2$$
б) $$p(b) = p_1(b) - 3p_2(b)$$ $$p_1(b) = 12b^4 - 10b^2 + 7$$ $$p_2(b) = 1.4b^3 - 5b^4 + b + 1.2$$
$$p(b) = (12b^4 - 10b^2 + 7) - 3(1.4b^3 - 5b^4 + b + 1.2)$$ $$= 12b^4 - 10b^2 + 7 - 4.2b^3 + 15b^4 - 3b - 3.6$$ $$= (12 + 15)b^4 - 4.2b^3 - 10b^2 - 3b + (7 - 3.6)$$ $$= 27b^4 - 4.2b^3 - 10b^2 - 3b + 3.4$$
Ответ: $$p(b) = 27b^4 - 4.2b^3 - 10b^2 - 3b + 3.4$$