2) $$\frac{tga + ctga}{tga - ctga} = \frac{tga + \frac{1}{tga}}{tga - \frac{1}{tga}} = \frac{\frac{tg^2 a + 1}{tga}}{\frac{tg^2 a - 1}{tga}} = \frac{tg^2 a + 1}{tg^2 a - 1}$$.
Если $$tga = \frac{2}{3}$$, то $$tg^2 a = \frac{4}{9}$$, и $$\frac{tg^2 a + 1}{tg^2 a - 1} = \frac{\frac{4}{9} + 1}{\frac{4}{9} - 1} = \frac{\frac{13}{9}}{-\frac{5}{9}} = -\frac{13}{5}$$.